Same hospital, same procedure — different price depending on who’s paying. Each payer’s median negotiated rate as a percent of Medicare, across every hospital × procedure cell where that payer publishes commercial rates. Spread is the typical same-procedure price ratio between this payer’s cheapest and most expensive hospitals (10th–90th percentile, median across procedures): a low median with a wide spread still overpays somewhere.
| Payer | Median vs. Medicare | Median | Spread (10th–90th) | Hospitals | Cells |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anthem BCBS | 192% | 3.0× | 105 | 4,510 | |
| Humana | 229% | 8.0× | 19 | 765 | |
| UnitedHealthcare | 235% | 7.5× | 99 | 3,625 | |
| Aetna | 256% | 6.9× | 82 | 3,176 | |
| Cigna | 291% | 4.0× | 55 | 2,129 |