Same hospital, same procedure — different price depending on who’s paying. Each payer’s median negotiated rate as a percent of Medicare, across every hospital × procedure cell where that payer publishes commercial rates. Spread is the typical same-procedure price ratio between this payer’s cheapest and most expensive hospitals (10th–90th percentile, median across procedures): a low median with a wide spread still overpays somewhere.
| Payer | Median vs. Medicare | Median | Spread (10th–90th) | Hospitals | Cells |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Humana | 126% | 5.4× | 85 | 4,061 | |
| UnitedHealthcare | 238% | 4.1× | 159 | 9,318 | |
| Anthem BCBS | 328% | 4.4× | 142 | 6,387 | |
| Cigna | 337% | 5.5× | 158 | 7,603 | |
| Aetna | 362% | 6.2× | 166 | 8,467 |